For forthcoming articles, please include the title of the publication and (forthcoming), e.g. University of California, Berkeley (ages 15-18), the name of the journal, in full or abbreviated form, with no full stops. If you have included the case name in the text, you do not have to include the case names in the footnote: (2008) 71 MRL 413 accessed 15 Jan 2014. If they are a Lord/Lady Justice, use LJ, e.g. Dr Douglas Guilfoyle, The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea: Origins and Importance (14 August 2013) accessed 15 April 2014. If it does not follow on directly, put the author's surname followed by a cross reference to the original footnote, eg. The relevant abbrevations are: subsection / subsections to sub-s/ sub-ss, subparagraph / subparagraphs to subpara/subparas. twenty-four). Paragraphs following headings are not indented, but continuing paragraphs are. Be sure that quotation marks are consistent (e.g. The rules for referring to parts of statutory instruments are the same as those referring to parts of statues. LLS Home: OSCOLA referencing guide: Order of author's name Quotes within such quotes should be presented with double quotation marks (). Refence case notes with titles as if they were journal articles. Articles should not normally exceed 10,000 words (including footnotes). For more detailed information see OSCOLA 2.1.7. OSCOLA referencing places citations in footnotes, which are marked in the text with footnote numbers: The judge referred to the precedent established by Caulfield v Baldwin.1. For specific references, include a comma, followed by the chapter or page number, including ch. and/or p.. For example: Penalties for Disorderly Behaviour (Amendment of Minimum Age) Order 2004, SI 2004/3166. When you refer to the same source you have just referred to (i.e. Please also consult the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) for correct spellings. So articles from journals without independently numbered volumes should follow the format: author, | title | [year] | journal name or abbreviation | first page of article. Use ( )if the date of publication is NOT needed to find the article eg. Author, Article Title [Year] or (Year) Volume number Journal name Page number. Enter the DOI of the journal you wish to reference. For articles with multiple authors, use the first name and surname for up to three authors, separated by an (Oxford) comma and and (e.g. Use the following abbreviations: Official notices of the EU are in the Official Journal of the European Communities (which is abbreviated to OJ). If you cant find a judgement in one of these general series you should refer to a specialist series of law reports such as the Family Law Reports. If no person, organisation or institution claims responsibility for the work, begin the citation with the title. You need to be very precise when using quotations. It is widely used in law schools and by journal and book publishers in the UK and beyond. Remove Additional Authors, You must enter the title of the article you wish to reference, You must enter the title of the journal you wish to reference, Enter the year the article was published in YYYY format, You must enter the volume of the journal you wish to reference, You must enter the issue number of the journal you wish to reference. 1) and appears after any punctuation like a comma or full stop: These footnotes contain full information on the source cited. Gary Blasi and John Jostin, System Justification Theory and Research: Implications for Law, Legal Advocacy, and Social Justice in Jon Hanson (ed.). Examples of in-text citations and reference list entries for other source types. OSCOLA Journal Article Reference Generator Create an OSCOLA Journal Article Reference Reference either an on-line or printed Journal Article Select a different Source Type See examples Share this: * Required Fields 1. See3.4.11 OSCOLA 4th edn for more details. Caulfield, J. Author Guidelines - SCRIPTed For multiple authors, follow the rules outlined in Journal Articles, above. Before 1996, the offocial reports were known and Series A and numbered consecutively. OSCOLA referencing guide (Online): Two or Three Authors Books with two or three authors Below you will find guidance and examples of how to set out a footnote reference to a book with two or three authors and in the bibliography. If there is no date of publication on the website, give only the date of access. 4th ed.) if applicable; and. For example, the following is a citation of volume 3, page 75 of Blackstones Commentaries on the Laws of England: OSCOLA provides a list of these abbreviations in their full guide, section 4.2.3. Cross referencing - Referencing and citations - OSCOLA - LibGuides at Dimas S, EU Environment Commissioner, 'Improving Environmental Quality through Carbon Trading' (Speech at the Carbon Expo Conference, Kln, 2 May 2007) accessed 29 May 2011. Referencing Styles: OSCOLA | The Online Library JAG Griffith, The Common Law and the Political Constitution (2001) 117 LQR 42, 64. Croft J, Supreme Court Warns on Quality Financial Times (London, 1 July 2010). Do notuse italics for text in the footnote unless it is a Latin abbreviation or a reference to a case or book requiring italics (e.g. Report of the Secretary-General (22 August 2013) UN Doc A/68/341. If there are several works by the same author, use the surname and the title of the work (or a short form of the title). Where English is used, please comply with British English (see Spelling below). More than one author If there are up to three authors, cite all the authors: Author 1, Author 2 and Author 3. e.g. If you find you have to use secondary referencing, in the footnote cite the source you have read, followed by citing For example: In the bibliography insert only the source you have read. Recap: Example for Journal Articles. (2022, May 05). For example: Use an indented paragraph, no quotation marks and a line space above and below. accessed 17 November 2014. Statutory instruments (SIs) are numbered consecutively throughout the year; its this number that appears at the end of the citation the example below is the 149th SI of 2020. How to Cite Multiple Authors in MLA - wikiHow Pinpointing a page Example R v Secretary of State for Transport, ex parte Factortame, [1991] ECR I-3905 (ECJ). Authors are responsible for ensuring that their submission conforms to SCRIPTeds formatting style (see below and our Article and Book Review templates), and for ensuring that all citations are accurate. Lorenzo Magnani, Morality in a Technological World: Knowledge as Duty (Cambridge: CUP, 2007), p. 25. [Online]. The authors forename and surname with no full stops; The number of the edition (abbreviated ed., e.g. When the previous reference to the source was in an earlier footnote (i.e. Finally, the first and last page of the article should be cited, including pp.. Narcotics contribute greatly to the black economy, for example the value of illegal drugs transactions has been estimated at up to 1.5 billion annually. for more details. 651 0 obj
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In the bibliography, list bills in alphabetical order under the heading Secondary Sources. List legislation, cases and secondary sources in separate sections of your bibliography in alphabetical order. Needless to say, the add Simon Tonking, Jury Trial (BBC Radio 4, 1 May 2010) accessed 15 February 2013. If there is no author identified, and it is appropriate to cite an anonymous source, begin the citation with the title in the usual way. Follow this by the phrase available at, followed by the URL, which should be hyperlinked. use cannot, not cant; do not, not dont, etc). In most cases journal titles have both a volume number and a year so round brackets will normally be used. Note thatSCRIPTed does not charge authors any fees to submit, process, or publish a manuscript. Robert Stevens, Torts and Rights (OUP 2007).. 26. Law Commission, 'Housing: Encouraging Responsponsible Letting' (Law Com No 312 Cm 7458, TSO, 2008) [1.5]. Put a comma after the first page of the article if you want to refer to a particular page or set of pages: If the year serves as the volume identifier, put the year in square brackets [ ]. 1. The information to include depends on the types of source - see the examples. A case name should be given as it appears in the most authoritative report of the case. Items in the table of legislation are listed in identical form to how they are cited in the text. Try to avoid secondary referencing as it is always preferable to use the original source and you should always try to locate this. Justine Pila, The Value of Authorship in the Digital Environment in William H Dutton and Paul W Jeffreys (eds). Alan Wright and Nicholas Hastie (eds. If a case is reported in the Law Reports you should cite it in preference to any other report. Graham Greenleaf, The Global Development of Free Access to Legal Information (2010) 1(1) EJLT accessed 27 July 2010. https://libguides.ials.sas.ac.uk/referencing, Practical tips on using library resources. Square brackets [ ] are used when theyear is crucial to identify the relevant volume of the journal(e.g. A downloadable version of this OSCOLA style guide, with some extra details, Details for citing international law sources. ), Genes and Common Disease: Genetics in Modern Medicine (Cambridge: CUP, 2007). If the article is sourced from the web and there is no page number available, provide the web address and date of access. The abbreviation preceding a command paper number depends on the year of publication: 183369 (C (1stseries)) 187099 (C (2nd series)) 190018 (Cd) 191956 (Cmd) 195786 (Cmnd) 1986 (Cm). when there is no volume number). When asked about the role of a newspapers proprietor Rupert Murdoch said: Section 4(2) of the Human Rights Act 1998 states in s 4(2) of the Human Rights Act 1998 and in ss 6-9 of that Act Clarkson CMV and Keating HM and Cunningham SR. 1. Enter in alphabetical order in the Secondary Sources. You should abbreviate both as Smith J. You should refer to the year the Act was passed rather than the year it came into force. The bibliography is the same format as the footnote except that the author's last name comes first, only the author's initial(s) are used and there is no full stop at the end of the citation. Book Reviews should not normally exceed 2,000 words. Books - OSCOLA - LibGuides at Coventry University How to reference books One author Multiple authors Chapter in an edited book Books Author, Title of the Book (Edition, Publisher Year) Footnote Example 1 Steve Foster, How to Write Better Law Essays (4th edn, Pearson 2016). If there are more than three authors, cite the first author followed by and others. Author, 'Web page title' (Website in Italics, Full Date) accessed Date. when footnote 34 says, supran. 25, make sure that footnote 25 contains the information that it should). OSCOLA referencing guide (Online): Journal Articles Journals articles Print articles Online articles To cite a print journal use the following format: Author, 'title' [year] journal name or abbreviation first page of article [OR] Author, 'title' (year) volume journal name or abbreviation first page of article Any submission which exceeds the identified word counts may be accepted upon special consideration of the Editorial Board. You should use Re the Domestic Abuse Act 2017 rather than In the matter of the Domestic Abuse act 2017. In text:refer to the text giving case names in italics eg: InPhipps v Boardman31.. For most sources in OSCOLA, the bibliographic format is the same as the footnote. Articles from journals which do have independently numbered volumes should follow the format: author, | title | (year) | volume | journal name or abbreviation | first page of article. Pinpoints follow the citation and come before the web address. Journal articles. Be aware of the difference before and after 1996. If the judge is a peer, refer to them as Lord, e.g. Communications (Isle of Man) Order 2020, SI 2020/149. A law report is a published report on a judgement. Abbe Brown et al.). Jack Caulfield. The table of cases comes first, followed by the table of legislation, and then the bibliography. If you study Law at university, youll use the OSCOLA referencing system. Note the different rules for annual case reports as compared with ongoing reports. SCRIPTeds in-house Article template should be used for all submissions except Book Reviews, i.e. OSCOLA Referencing Guide - UKEssays.com For example: Tom Bingham, The Rule of Law (Alan Lane 2010). when the previous footnote was also about that source), you can simply use ibid (Latin for in the same place): In this example, the second footnote also refers to Davis v Dignam, but to page 522 instead of page 519. 13 Hugh Jones and Christopher Benson, Publishing Law (4th edn, Routledge 2011) 32, The only difference is the author is now listed surname first for the first author and you do not include page numbers, Author,Title(edition, Publisher | year), Jones Hand C Benson, Publishing Law (4th edn, Routledge 2011), For two or three authors, all named authors must be included. Dove, Chen, and Diver. endstream
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Information to include: OSCOLA is a footnote style: all citations . For subsequent citation of legislation, abbreviations are acceptable. Online harms and Carolines Law whats the direction for the law reform? Example: Samuel Topping and others, Analysing Law (Routledge, London 2008). Deb is short for debate, vol for volume, and col for column. So, the Children Act 1989 becomes CA 1989 (not just CA). Note that OSCOLA recommends abbreviating Oxford University Press to OUP; this is not the case with other publishers. Authors should provide between three and six keywords highlighting the field(s) and topic(s) of their submission. However if the articleis only available online, use the same format as for print journals but at the end of the citation add the web address within < > marks and the date you most recently accessed the article. Neville states that The Oxford University Commonwealth Law Journal was involved in developing the OSCOLA referencing system. If the newspaper is divided into sections, and the page numbering begins afresh in each section, put the section name in roman before the page number, with a space but no comma between the two. OSCOLA Referencing Style. House of Commons bills are cited slightly differently from House of Lords bills. 39(4), pp.652-669. Paul Craig, Theory, "Pure Theory" and Values in Public Law [2005] PL 440. Dont use popular titles of Acts, for example, Lord Campbells Act. If there is more than one editor or translator, put (eds) or (trs). If no individual author is identified, but an organisation or institution claims editorial responsibility for the work, then cite it as the author. eighty-four), unless they refer to a percentage, in which case it appears as, for example, 25%. Where there is no relevant advice elsewhere in OSCOLA, follow the general principles for secondary sources when citing websites and blogs. Youve done it. For subsequent citation of statutes or regulations (including EU legislation), please cite the shortened name (if commonly used), and relevant section or article, e.g. For example: Shipping and Trading Interests (Protection) Act 1995. No full stops are used with abbreviations other than e.g., i.e., vs., and etc. If you cant find a judgement in the Law Reports, you should cite the Weekly Law Reports or the All England Law Reports. when other citations appear in between), use the authors last name or the title (shortened if its a longer title), followed by the number of the previous citation (in brackets and preceded by n), then the page number youre pinpointing (if different than the first citation): OSCOLA provides formats for a variety of source types. When referencing dicta from a case, either paragraph or page numbering can be used. Each primary word should begin with a capital letter (e.g. See3.2.3 OSCOLA 4th edn for more details. It is a guide to legal citation developed by the Oxford Law Faculty and is an authoritative way to prepare legal citation in the UK academic world. Articles, Analysis Pieces, Case/Legislation Comments and Conference Reports should be written using our Article template. Don't worry, you can come back and edit the reference if you need to correct or add any information. We will not accept submissions under consideration at other journals. Rose v Melanson (2005), 194 OAC 186 (Ont CA). No further changes will be allowed to the text absent compelling justification. You can see that the Bill is cited by its title, the House in which it originated (here, House of Commons), and with the parliamentary session in brackets (here, 2008-09). Book Reviews should be written using our Book Review template. When you cite a statutory instrument, give the name, year and (after a comma) the SI number. Headings within the text are encouraged. J, 'The Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007: Thirteen Years in the Making but was it Worth the Wait?' The authors name should be centred under the title and in lower case italics (e.g. In the Young example, 72 is the volume number. for more details. If the information is available in print, reference the print version. Quotes less than 3 lines of text should appear in the body and be identified with double quotation marks (), with quotes within such quotes identified with single quotation marks (). Follow the citation with the web address (in angled brackets) and the date you most recently accessed the article. Acronyms and short titles should only be used after the full title has appeared once in the text (e.g. Click the button below to generate your OSCOLA Journal Article Reference and In-line Citation. Number under 100 are written in full (e.g. 2006). If there is a direct quote/speaker, reverse the author's name as usual. For subsequent citation of cases, please cite the name of the first party only and the relevant paragraph, e.g. Give the editors or editors name(s) as above for the author, with ed./eds. following immediately in brackets. If there are more than three authors, give the name of the first author followed by 'and others'. Tonking S,Jury Trial (BBC Radio 4, 1 May 2010) accessed 15 February 2013. An example of a typical case citation without a neutral citation is: When the year is used to identify the law report volume, you should always put it in square brackets. Make sure that all original punctuation marks are within quotation marks. Cases are written in a similar format here and in the main text; the only difference is the names of the parties involved are not italicised in the table of cases: The table of legislation includes all legal sources used other than cases for example, bills, Acts of Parliament and SIs. Footnote: Full citation (including footnote number for illustration) 3 John Knowles, Effective Legal Research (4 th edn, Sweet & Maxwell 2016) 33.. Authors' surname and cross-citation to footnote number 3. If submissions are made in a language other than English, the Title and Abstract (not exceeding 250 words) must also be submitted in English. Bill title HC Bill (Session) [Bill number]. In the bibliography, list Command Papers alphabetically by author in Secondary Sources. Usesingle quotation marksand include within the text. An example of a footnote for an online article: James Gobert, 'The Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007: Thirteen Years in the Making but was it Worth the Wait?' Based on Referee Reports and his or her own assessment, the Managing Editor will make a recommendation on disposition to the Editorial Board, which has final responsibility for each decision on each submission. OSCOLA was first devised in 2000 by Regius Professor Peter Birks, with the aim of reducing the "woeful waste of scholarly time caused by the absence of a national standard for citation . ), Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System (2008), available at, Mike Morel, A Brief Chance for Better UK Data Protection Law (Open Rights Group, 8 May 2017), available at, Sarah Butler and Gwyn Topham, Uber Should Lost its Licence if it Doesnt Improve Workers Rights, Say Drivers (The Guardian, 9 May 2017), available at. John Smith). Usually, the bibliography is divided into three sections: Cases, Legislation and Secondary Sources Cases - List the cases alphabetically in order of the first significant word. In round brackets, the city of publication, followed by a colon, the publisher, followed by a comma, and the year of publication (e.g. Unless otherwise specified below, SCRIPTed follows the Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA). His Lordship opined thatthe pursuers case failed.. for more details. You should cite an Act by its short title and year in roman, using capitals for the major words. Case name in italics [year] court number, [year] OR (year) volume report abbreviation first page. For example, in Glebe Motors plc v Dixon-Greene can be shortened to in the Glebe Motors case or in Glebe Motors. For example: Also, order the sources with legislation before cases, and primary sources before secondary. In the bibliography list all of the authors. Case/Legislation Comments and Conference Reportsshould not normally exceed 3,000 words. You should then follow the title with publication information in brackets. The Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) was developed at Oxford University, andis widely used by law schools and publishers to acknowledge source information. Footnote For two or three authors, all named authors must be included. OSCOLA, a UK Standard for Legal Citation - Cambridge Core Available from: doi:10.1037/rmh0000008, On-line Journal, Off-line Journal, Journal Article. (Mr or Mrs Justice Smith should be called Smith J in your text). Enter pages of the chapter you wish to refer to. endstream
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To use a footnote, put a superscript number into your text and then the footnote at the bottom of the page. Use Initials or forename unpunctuated and with no spaces followed by surname. If only available on the web, reference as follows: In the bibliography, list in Secondary Sources. If the source has more than three authors, include the first author followed by ' et al. If there is no clear author, give the organisation providing the source as the author. Paragraph numbers appear in square brackets and can be used for pinpointing in the same way as page numbers: Note that if youre pinpointing a judges comments within a case report, you include the name of the judge, and some special terms and abbreviations are used in the citation and in the text. 44(12), pp.2512-2518. You should cite Regulations, Directives, Decisions, Recommendations and Opinions by giving the legislation type, number and title, followed by publication details in the OJ. A Journal of Law, Technology & Society
concept X, not concept X). followed by their initials, page numbers are not included and there is no full stop at the end of the reference. The most common ones are covered below. See 3.3.4 OSCOLA 4th edn for more details. Digitalisation and Intermediaries in the Music Industry: The Rise of the Entrepreneur? It was the thirteenth judgement issued by the House of Lords (UKHL) in 2008. OSCOLA (Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities British Medical Journal podcast, 'Insanity in the Dock' (20 July 2012) 10:30-11:15 accessed 15 April 2014. If you read a book that was translated from another language (eg, you read an English translation of a book orginally written in German), cite the translation: If there is an author and translator, referenceas follows: See3.2.2 OSCOLA 4th ed. 'Theory, "Pure Theory" and Values in Public Law' [2005] PL 440, 'In Defense of Due Deference' (2009) 72 MLR 554. an article/pdf/ebook is available anywhere in print format, you should cite it as you would a printed piece of work (even if you have read it online). A Referencing Guide for Law Students How to reference an article << Previous: Books; Next: Websites >> Last Updated: Nov 9, 2022 11:19 AM; URL: https://libguides.coventry.ac.uk/oscola; Print Page; Login to LibGuides (staff only) Lanchester Library Coventry University Frederick Lanchester Building Gosford Street Coventry, United Kingdom CV1 5DD . A z can be used in official names of organisations (e.g. For example: Graham Greenleaf, The Global Development of Free Access to Legal Information (2010) 1(1) EJLT accessed 27 July 2010. Otherwise, follow the rules for Books. For example: Protocol to the Agreement on the Member States that do not fully apply to the Schengen acquis Join Declarations [2007] OJ Li129/35. Retrieved 27 February 2023, LibGuides: Referencing and citations - OSCOLA: Books In England and Wales, there are no official law reports of any kind, but the Law Report series by the Incorporated Council of Law Reporting are considered the most authoritative. Email from Amazon.co.uk to author (16 December 2008), CJ Friedrich, Constitutions and Constitutionalism, International. (2008) 71 MRL 413 accessed 15 Jan 2014. When citing an interview you conducted yourself, give the name, position and institution (as relevant) of the interviewee, and the location and full date of the interview. A law report includes features such as a headnote summarising the facts of a case and judgement, and lists of cases considered. (Oxford: OUP, 2018)). (iii) By multiple authors Either list all the authors' names or list the first author's name followed by "et al." D AVID H UNTER ET AL., I NTERNATIONAL E NVIRONMENTAL L AW AND P OLICY 555 (3rd ed. For specific references, include a comma, followed by p. and the page number. In a longer work, such as a thesis or dissertation, OSCOLA requires you to include tables listing any cases and legislation you cited, as well as a bibliography listing any secondary sources. Lets look at the OSCOLA system in detail, and how you can cite a wide range of legal sources. Once approved by the author, the manuscript will be treated by SCRIPTed as final and ready for publication. The author must change any references in these formats into the SCRIPTed house style, and use footnotes accordingly. Graham Greenleaf, The Global Development of Free Access to Legal Information (2010) 1(1) EJLT accessed 27 July 2010.
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